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TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast) is a weather forecast specifically for airports, detailing expe...

ATIS provides pilots with up-to-date airport information, including weather conditions, active ru...

A METAR is a coded weather report issued at a specific time for an aerodrome, providing real-time...

Filing a VFR Flight Plan A VFR flight plan is required for: All VFR flights entering controll...

A VFR transit occurs when an aircraft enters a control zone (CTR) and crosses it without intendin...

Coordination and Entry into Controlled Airspace When a VFR aircraft is approaching controlled ai...

Practice Area Position Report A good practice area position report ensures that other pilots ope...

VFR Operations: Entry, Exit & Transit Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flights primarily navigate using...

Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) Controller Guide What is A-CDM? A-CDM is a tool t...

General Procedures Route deviations may be necessary due to weather or other operational constra...

Departure Instructions for Controllers Controllers may provide detailed departure instructions w...

Estimates and Revisions ATC Coordination for Exchange of Estimate Information: ESTIMATE [dire...

Minimum Fuel Pilot and ATC Message Exchange on Fuel Procedure: Pilot: MINIMUM FUEL ATC: ROGE...

Altitude Management to Maintain Separation ATC Instructions to Maintain a Level Before Any Chang...

Departure Instructions ATC Departure Instructions: [AFTER DEPARTURE] TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) HEA...

Effective communication between pilots and air traffic controllers (ATC) is essential for flight ...

Aircraft identification is a fundamental task in air traffic control, ensuring accurate tracking,...

An emergency is any situation that poses an immediate risk to an aircraft or its occupants. ATC m...

Runway changes can improve aerodrome efficiency but require careful coordination to ensure a smoo...

Conflict detection Definitions Conflict: Predicted converging of aircraft in space and time w...