SOP

Start-up A start-up clearance is permission from ATC for an aircraft to start its engines, confi...

Sequencing While the Tower (TWR) controller primarily focuses on departures, the Approach (APP) ...

Conflict detection Definitions Conflict: Predicted converging of aircraft in space and time w...

Runway changes can improve aerodrome efficiency but require careful coordination to ensure a smoo...

An emergency is any situation that poses an immediate risk to an aircraft or its occupants. ATC m...

Aircraft identification is a fundamental task in air traffic control, ensuring accurate tracking,...

Effective communication between pilots and air traffic controllers (ATC) is essential for flight ...

Description of Level ATC instructions or clearances may contain a specific level to comply with....

Initial IFR Clearance Request Every flight under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) must receive an i...

Departure Instructions ATC Departure Instructions: [AFTER DEPARTURE] TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) HEA...

Altitude Management to Maintain Separation ATC Instructions to Maintain a Level Before Any Chang...

Minimum Fuel Pilot and ATC Message Exchange on Fuel Procedure: Pilot: MINIMUM FUEL ATC: ROGE...

Estimates and Revisions ATC Coordination for Exchange of Estimate Information: ESTIMATE [dire...

In this document, we use the following convention: IFR Pilot call sign is DAH1234. This is a ...

In this document, we use the following convention: VFR Pilot call sign is F-GLRA. This is a V...

Initial IFR Departure Clearance Every flight that is intended to be operated under Instrument Fl...

Departure Instructions for Controllers Controllers may provide detailed departure instructions w...

Classification of Instrument Approaches Segments of an Instrument Approach: Arrival Segment Th...

Flight Rule Changes and Procedures IFR to VFR Transition When an aircraft operating under Instr...

General Procedures Route deviations may be necessary due to weather or other operational constra...

Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) Controller Guide What is A-CDM? A-CDM is a tool t...

Altitude Band Airspace Class Minimum Flight Visibility Minimum Distance from Clouds Add...

VFR Operations: Entry, Exit & Transit Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flights primarily navigate using...

VFR Traffic Circuit Operations A traffic circuit (or traffic pattern) is a standard flight path ...

VFR Holding Air Traffic Control (ATC) may require VFR aircraft to hold over a specific area due ...

Practice Area Position Report A good practice area position report ensures that other pilots ope...

Coordination and Entry into Controlled Airspace When a VFR aircraft is approaching controlled ai...

A VFR transit occurs when an aircraft enters a control zone (CTR) and crosses it without intendin...

When a VFR aircraft requests to cross Class C or Class D airspace, the following conditions must ...

Filing a VFR Flight Plan A VFR flight plan is required for: All VFR flights entering controll...

Night VFR (NVFR) refers to visual flight operations conducted at night. The applicable period is ...

Helicopters operate under Visual Flight Rules (VFR) and, in some cases, Instrument Flight Rules (...

A METAR is a coded weather report issued at a specific time for an aerodrome, providing real-time...

ATIS provides pilots with up-to-date airport information, including weather conditions, active ru...

TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast) is a weather forecast specifically for airports, detailing expe...

The Role of Coordination Coordination helps controllers stay aware of aircraft that are about to...

Effective coordination between ATC units is essential for safe and efficient air traffic manageme...

Upstream and Downstream Sectors Upstream Sector: The sector an aircraft is coming from before ...

A structured and informative handover ensures a smooth transition when transferring control of a ...

Upon obtaining your student rating, you will advance to Aerodrome Flight Information Service (AFI...

IFR flights are permitted at uncontrolled aerodromes if the following criteria are met: The ae...

Military Operations on VATSIM: An Overview for ATC This guide provides an overview of common mil...

Overhead join/ run and break how you cannot separate traffic using normal means Squawk code r...